Sources: National Center for Health Statistics, final natality data. National Center for Health Statistics, period linked birth/infant death data. Annual number of birth defects based on estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center. Waitzman NJ, Jalali A, Grosse SD. Preterm birth lifetime costs in the United States in 2016: An update. Semin Perinatol. 2021 Apr;45(3):151390. doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2021.151390. Epub 2021 Jan 24. PMID: 33541716.